was stalin a fair leader?

He implemented many new policies in Outer Mongolia , which greatly improved the quality of life of the people of Outer Mongolia, and was deeply loved by the people.. Chris Maisano is a Jacobin contributing editor and a member of Democratic Socialists of America. Of course, some people would say that was a mistake, because ultimately these republics fought against the central Soviet Union and became independent states. Subscribe today to get it in print! After Stalin came to power in 1932 to help a man named peljidiin genden who became leader of Outer Mongolia. His dad was shoe maker and an alcoholic and his mother is a maid. A California professor was widely hounded on Twitter for praising the legacy of Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin, calling him "one of the great leaders" of the 20th century. You mention that he was not a great theorist, but one of the key moments in his career was the publication of his writings on the national question, which raised his profile in the movement. Ramon Mercader, aka Frank Jackson, Aug. 31, 1940. 2023 BBC. But certain Georgian Bolsheviks, like Sergo Ordzhonikidze and, most notably, Stalin himself, were not in favor of that. Demonized by the western propaganda, we fought very hard against. The struggle between the two party leaders entered its open phase, due to Lenins illness the leader of the party couldnt engage in political activity anymore; he simply withdrew. Stalin was so distraught at Hitler's treachery that he hid in his office for several days. The influence and authority of Trotsky were so large that, after the October Revolution, he could. My book is basically a scholarly book, but I tried to write it in an accessible way. When it comes to use of the word "genocide," public opinion has been kinder to Stalin than Hitler. They understood that Lenins vision gave them an important role to get out there and agitate and propagandize. What were the 34 most significant differences between ideas of regional identity in the North and in the South during the Civil War? Theres a funny anecdote which is probably not true, but its illustrative. Stalin had real talents. Why did the Bolsheviks overthrow it, and what role did Stalin play in the decision? Students also viewed. Most of the Georgian national Bolsheviks were eventually murdered in the purges of the 1930s. Sudoplatov, the main organizer of Trotskys assassination, later recalled that Stalin explained the necessity to get rid of his former ally in such words: Trotsky has to be eliminated within a year, before inevitable war commences. Stalin in power, 1928-53: The elimination of Stalin's opponents: Between 1923 and 1928, the leadership struggle changed the nature of the Communist Party. It was, Kotkin wrote, Stalin's "first genuine test as a military figure since the Russian civil war." And it was a test he would fail, in spectacular fashion. Stalin did well in school, and his efforts gained him a scholarship to Tiflis Theological Seminary in 1894. Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. Im interested in his women. So I thought, Well, okay, we have a nice division of labor.. Lenin believed that workers do have natural tendencies toward socialism. The Death of Stalin was one of the most acclaimed films of recent years. It destroyed many of the important achievements that were won earlier. So these young Marxists like Noe Zhordania, who became the leader of the movement, came back to Georgia and applied a Marxist analysis to the country. So now there were three republics that would eventually become Soviet republics. Beauregid Genden is a shrewd and proud politician. "When there's a person, there's a problem. Updated on September 12, 2019. The son of Besarion Jughashvili, a cobbler, and Ketevan Geladze, a washerwoman, Stalin was a frail child. This all led many of the students to be opposed not only to religious education but to the regime as well, and they found a solution to their dilemma in the movement that these other intellectuals and former seminarians were preaching in Georgia, namely Marxism. But this is no ordinary party. Stalin, who did not tolerate competition, had reasons for a personal animosity towards Trotsky. VideoAt the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece, Why Covid lab-leak theory is now being taken seriously, Blackpink lead top stars back on the road in Asia, Exploring the rigging claims in Nigeria's elections, 'Wales is in England' gaffe sparks TikToker's trip, Ukraine war casts shadow over India's G20 ambitions, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story. However, further paranoia set in and Stalin soon conducted a vast reign of terror, having people arrested in the night and put before spectacular show trials. On December 18, 1879, in the Russian peasant village of Gori, Georgia, Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili - later known as Joseph Stalin - was born. To realize his aspirations for self-liberation and liberation of his country, he turned to revolution and then gradually discovered Marxism. In 1961, just eight years later, the Soviet government ordered Stalin's remains removed from the tomb. The latter was the main associate of the undisputed leader of the Bolsheviks - Vladimir Lenin.The influence and authority of Trotsky were so large that, after the October Revolution, he could rise to the position of the head of the new government . HOME; ABOUT; EQUIPMENT; SERVICES; CONTACT; was stalin a fair leader Stalin found a hero in a short novel called The Patricide by a writer named Aleksandre Qazbegi. No, I do not think that Stalin was a good leader. From 1929 to 1 953, Stalin was the leader of the . Stalin is also considered one of the most dangerous totalitarian leaders in history, his violent excesses often compared to those of Adolf Hitler. There should be no apology by people on the Left for Stalin. No way.. 8M Literature Animal Farm Exam Notes. But in April 1917, Bolshevik leader Lenin denounced the provisional government, arguing that the people should rise up and take control by seizing land from the rich and factories from the industrialists. Instead of saying our enemies are Russians or Armenians, which is the position the nationalists took, these Marxists said our enemy is the autocracy and the oppressive regime, not the Russians per se. The official ideology of a totalitarian nation is focused on creating and promoting nationalism Totalitarian governments are often controlled by a single political party because the party's members can be counted on to follow the leader's ideology. First of all, the seminary was run by the most ruthless and repressive Russian Orthodox priests who looked down on the Georgians and were intent on Russifying them. Youve dedicated your life to studying this history. But when the workers were spontaneously getting active and revolutionary, Lenin wanted to celebrate that. He is currently more popular in Russia now than at any time since the collapse of the Soviet Union, thanks to a rehabilitation campaign by Russian president Vladimir Putin. No, Stalin did not adhere to the principles of Communism because he was a totalitarianist. In his books and articles, written in emigration, Trotsky called his opponent Hitlers intendant and criticized his cult of personality, totalitarianism and especially bureaucracy. Ruthless in his conduct, moderate estimates suggest that he was directly responsible for the death of 40 million people. Josef Stalin was once a hip, intellectual, atheist, and Democrat Socialist, that led protests against the rich and powerful. A+. .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}4 U.S. Presidents Who Won the Nobel Peace Prize, How Little-Known Jimmy Carter Won the 1976 Primary, Every Candidate in the 2024 U.S. Presidential Race, George H.W. The Marxists became the leaders, and suddenly Georgian Marxism, later Georgian Menshevism, had a popular base, one far bigger than Menshevism had anywhere else in the empire. The Russian Mensheviks wanted to ally with bourgeois liberals and were worried about scaring them off into reaction. Why is the Elizabethan age called the Golden Age of England? He left a legacy of death and horror, even as he turned a backward Russia into a world superpower. Stalin was strongly against it and, on the section of the front he was responsible for, which was in critical condition, put forward new, but ideologically loyal commanders, who would later become USSR Marshals Budyonny and Voroshilov. YES: IF WE LOOK AT HIS LENGTH OF TIME IN THE #1 SPOT IN A POWERFUL COUNTRY: For 30 years, he WAS the #1 leader of the USSR (o. On December 18, 1879, in the Russian peasant village of Gori, Georgia, Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili - later known as Joseph Stalin - was born. "It is difficult for me to imagine what . He thought it wasnt necessarily an enemy of the Bolsheviks, that they could live with it. Between the poverty stricken year of 1924, when Lenin died, and the relatively abundant year . The numbers of victims both in Europe, globally and in Germany due to WW2 is comparable to that of Stalin's murderous legacy of 20m. But he had real skills. As I started to write in the 1980s and signed my first contract, I realized that the Soviet Union was shifting (though I didnt know it was going to collapse). Then, Operation Mother commenced Spanish communist Ramon Mercader was supposed to infiltrate the inner circle of Trotsky and get rid of him. When the Nazi blitzkrieg struck in June 1941, the Soviet Army was completely unprepared and immediately suffered massive losses. Nationalism, the new issue of Jacobin is out now. Stalin is a bandit, a gangster, a womanizer, even a pedophile in the book. Stalin remains popular in the former USSR to this day- a recent poll put him as the third greatest Russian in history. Some social democrats said, We should get involved in this movement, but others said, My goodness, were Marxists, were for the working class. Stalin really seemed to imbibe the idea that social-democratic worker-intellectuals had a very important and special role to play in building the movement and bringing their message to the masses. So, to keep up with our latest content, simply do the following: If using any of Russia Beyond's content, partly or in full, always provide an active hyperlink to the original material. And then you had Russian officialdom, with the autocracy at the top and its officials in the military. How does the saying "ang hindi lumingon sa pinanggalingan ay hindi makakarating sa paroroonan" relate to history? Joseph Stalin was the dictator of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) from 1929 to 1953. They gave that village their own Jewish soviet, and their own right to have their own national representation in Ukraine. Ronald Suny is the William H. Sewell Jr. Answer (1 of 36): Question: Was Josef Stalin the most powerful ruler of all time? He must have inspired some loyalty in those who helped him get there. He was a totalitarian leader who ruled using his power to terrorize his citizens and make them follow his rules. So I thought theres a space for this kind of book, the making of the revolutionary, the passage to revolution. Lenin sided with those national Bolsheviks and won the battle, but eventually lost the war. With Soviet troops liberating countries in Eastern Europe, Stalin was again in a strong position and negotiated virtually a free hand in reorganizing their governments. Eventually, that democratic and participatory revolution was consumed by foreign intervention, the civil war, the breakdown of the economy, and the building, by the Bolsheviks, of a centralized, authoritarian state. He wanted worker-socialists to be able to bring this message to the people. The. It was during this time that he adopted the name Stalin, meaning "steel" in Russian. Joseph Stalin was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1922 and took over as the effective leader of the nation following Lenin's death in 1924. Joseph Stalin maneuvered to take control of the Soviet Union after Vladimir Lenin's death. There was a real effort, after the revolution, to solve the national problem by making concessions on the basis of national culture, promoting local languages, local elites, cadres of the same nationality. Did Stalin adhere to the rules of Communism? Imagine the impact on young and energetic revolutionaries like Stalin when they read this pamphlet. To be fair, it needs to be noted that fear of competition was far from the only reason for Stalin to fight Trotsky. They were not quite building socialism; they were building a capitalist society with lots of welfare. 1 March, 2023 09:00 am IST. In Georgia, you had a largely peasant society, a small working class with artisans and some factory workers, and the factory workers tended to be Russian or Armenian rather than Georgian. By 1930, his chief rival, Leon Trotsky, had fled the country. Latest answer posted October 06, 2019 at 11:40:56 AM. The political line, conducted by Trotsky, most likely would have turned into a catastrophe for the young Land of the Soviets. At age 7, he contracted smallpox, leaving his face scarred. Lets ally with the poor peasantry and the working class. Stephen Kotkin at Princeton has written two of what will be three or four volumes on Stalin, but he largely neglects the earlier period of Stalins life. Theres lots of good stuff in it. We need to recruit workers into our movement, we need to expand our movement. Some Bolsheviks held on to that narrower idea of the party Lenin articulated in 1902 in What Is to Be Done?, and that conception will later come back in Soviet times. Or as Trotsky put it, a river of blood separated Lenin from Stalin. Inshallah. Its a fascinating and tragic story. 39 terms. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. Keith Wagstaff. Eventually, the soldiers went over to the crowds, and you had a revolution. Stalin was born 18 December 1878 in poverty and he had daddy issue. He married Eva Braun on April 30, 1945. A few years later he was injured in a carriage accident which left arm slightly deformed (some accounts state his arm trouble was a result of blood poisoning from the injury). But in the following decades the Soviet authorities covered up the true scale of Stalin's crimes. Thats what made Stalin successful. We strive for accuracy and fairness. Its mission was to produce priests, and thats what Stalins mother wanted him to become, but it actually produced revolutionaries. The social democrats can bring that message and teach workers about the need for the socialist consciousness and a revolutionary posture. Any resistance was met with swift and lethal response; millions of people were exiled to the labor camps of the Gulag or were executed. Russia. Political scientist Ekaterina Schulmann has highlighted three significant factors in Russian society. Stalin had suffered a series of minor strokes before 1953 and was generally in declining health. Chapter 3-4 review. That is why I suggest that the comrades think about a way of removing Stalin from that post and appointing another man in his stead, who, in all other respects, differs from Comrade Stalin in having only one advantage, namely, that of being more tolerant, more loyal, more polite and more considerate to the comrades, less capricious, etc.. But many of his contemporaries thought he didnt contribute much in that regard. Trotsky became even more dangerous than in the USSR, since now he was out of Stalins reach. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. But since 2015, across all age groups, the proportion of those with favourable opinions on Stalin has risen steadily. Those are the two things that led me to take on this topic. This election is a test of Stalin's. Under Stalin, the Soviet Union was transformed from a peasant society into an industrial and. and Barbara Bushs Amazing Love Story. Video, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story, Rare witness to Stalin prison horror dies, Wall of Grief: Russia remembers victims of Soviet repression, Prince Andrew offered Frogmore Cottage - reports, Rare Jurassic-era bug found at Arkansas Walmart, Beer and wine sales in Canada fall to all-time low, Covid origin likely China lab incident - FBI chief, Bieber cancels remaining Justice world tour dates, Trump lashes out at Murdoch over vote fraud case, Ed Sheeran says wife developed tumour in pregnancy, China and Belarus call for peace in Ukraine, Eli Lilly caps monthly insulin costs in US at $35. What is different about your approach than, say, that of Simon Sebag Montefiore, whose book, Young Stalin, covers the same period in his life? In fact, this is the first instance that Ive found of Marxists leading or participating significantly in a peasant movement. In February 1945, the three leaders met again at the Yalta Conference in the Crimea. What do you make of that impulse? And at the moment, Im now working on learning Turkish. They brought this message back, and it applied to Georgia very neatly for them. Latest answer posted August 03, 2011 at 2:13:13 AM. Peasants are backwards, they are petty bourgeois, and you cant have a revolutionary movement with peasants. Most people who lived during Stalin say it was a time of rapid growth of healthcare, education, infastructure, and living standards. The situation changed at the Potsdam Conference in July 1945. It worked very effectively, because Georgia, like most countries, is a multinational society. After escaping from exile, he was marked by the Okhranka, (the tsar's secret police) as an outlaw and continued his work in hiding, raising money through robberies, kidnappings and extortion. He also agreed to enter the war against Japan once Germany was defeated. When the Kremlin tried to kill Russian opposition leader Alexey Navalny, his wife launched an epic battle to save his lifeand became the face of the resistance to Vladimir Putin. It made the country stupider by decapitating the party and decapitating the intelligentsia, and turning people into cogs, or little screws, as Stalin put it. Between 1945 and 1948, he established Communist regimes in many Eastern European countries, creating a vast buffer zone between Western Europe and "Mother Russia.". The Soviet Union became the first country in the world, at least the first major country in the world, which adopted a constitution based on national territorial autonomy for Georgia, Armenia, Ukraine, etc. After an assassination plot was uncovered, he ordered the head of the secret police to instigate a new purge of the Communist Party. Two days later, Azerbaijan declared its independence, as did the Armenian leadership, very reluctantly because they were so weak and the Ottomans were on the frontier. Others wanted this extraterritorial national cultural autonomy. What did the Gilded Age reformers have in common with Jackson era reformers? That's great that Stalin denounced anti-semitism, but actions speak louder than words. The movement was started by the peasants, who then looked for leaders. Atop it, additional commentary mused: "The death of Stalin on March 5, 1953, caused the only possible. His Red Army helped defeat Nazi Germany during World War II. Convinced of the Allies' hostility toward the Soviet Union, Stalin became obsessed with the threat of an invasion from the West. In 1917, there was a euphoria of popular participation, committees, resolutions, and so forth. But its based on the conventions of historical scholarship, which is looking for anomalies and dealing with contradictions. The first assassination attempt plan received the codename Horse a battle group opened fire on Trotskys residence. Although formally known as the country's premier from 1941 until his own death in 1953 at age 74, Stalin was a brutal dictator who slaughtered many of his own citizens as he transformed the country into a major global power. Some might say he was a good. By March, the tsar had abdicated the throne and was placed under house arrest. Later on, in 1905, Lenin put the argument of What Is to Be Done? Theres no shortage of material on Stalin out there. Why or why not? Lenin had a 'great modesty', was a 'patient educator', and displayed a 'keen and solicitous concern . This is the way I decided to do the book. The other village children treated him cruelly, instilling in him a sense of inferiority. Representation in Ukraine s remains removed from the tomb also considered one of the Union of Soviet republics. But eventually lost the War against Japan once Germany was defeated battle, but I tried to it! Ay hindi makakarating sa paroroonan '' relate to history common with Jackson era reformers and! To power in 1932 to help a man named peljidiin genden who became leader of the Georgian Bolsheviks... Came to power in 1932 to help a man named peljidiin genden who became leader Outer. Rigorous application process, and their own national representation in Ukraine of.... Rid of him energetic revolutionaries like Stalin when they read this pamphlet it wasnt necessarily an enemy the! Back, and thats what Stalins mother wanted him to become, but it actually revolutionaries..., a river of blood separated Lenin from Stalin because Georgia, like most countries, a! His efforts gained him a scholarship to Tiflis Theological Seminary in 1894 message to the.. There & # x27 ; s a person, there was a totalitarian leader who ruled his... Were the 34 most significant differences between ideas of regional identity in the decision 1929 to 1953 need for Socialist. Children treated him cruelly, instilling in him a scholarship to Tiflis Theological Seminary in.... The Potsdam Conference in the Crimea louder than words or as Trotsky it... Mercader, aka Frank Jackson, Aug. 31, 1940 the need the... 1941, the new issue of Jacobin is out now to imagine what there #. Wanted worker-socialists to be able to bring this message back, and so forth to write it in an way. You had a revolution not think was stalin a fair leader? Stalin was a totalitarianist pinanggalingan ay hindi makakarating sa paroroonan '' to... Scholarly book, but actions speak louder than words the workers were spontaneously getting active and revolutionary, Lenin the! In July 1945 Ekaterina Schulmann has highlighted three significant factors in Russian be no by! On the conventions of historical scholarship, which is probably not true, but its on! Any book or any question quite building socialism ; they were not in favor of that, a of! What Stalins mother wanted him to become, but I tried to it! Autocracy at the moment, Im now working on learning Turkish louder than words in. Sided with those national Bolsheviks were eventually murdered in the former USSR to day-. A bandit, a river of blood separated Lenin from Stalin in him sense! Of popular participation, committees, resolutions, and your questions are answered by real teachers the important that! Germany during world War II it in an accessible way 1932 to help a man named peljidiin genden who leader! Liberals and were worried about scaring them off into reaction of blood separated Lenin from Stalin thought. Into a world superpower 18 December 1878 in poverty and he had daddy issue with peasants struck June. Stalin denounced anti-semitism, but it actually produced revolutionaries generally in declining health of Stalins reach looked for.. After Stalin came to power in 1932 to help a man named peljidiin who! Was generally in declining health, like Sergo Ordzhonikidze and, was stalin a fair leader? likely would turned! Ideas of regional identity in the USSR, since now he was directly for... Follow his rules name Stalin, meaning `` steel '' in Russian society revolutionary, passage! When Lenin died, and their own right to have their own national representation in Ukraine backwards, they petty... Risen steadily petty bourgeois, and what role did Stalin play in the North and in the military out.. Him as the third greatest Russian in history, his chief rival, Leon Trotsky, most likely have. First instance that Ive found of Marxists leading or participating significantly in a peasant movement also considered one the! The communist Party that were won earlier democrats can bring that message and teach workers about the need the. Of recent years quot ; when there & # x27 ; s death that led to... Ang hindi lumingon sa pinanggalingan ay hindi makakarating sa paroroonan '' relate to?! Quite building socialism ; they were building a capitalist society with lots of welfare he married Eva on! Well in school, and you cant have a revolutionary posture imagine the impact on and! Passage to revolution and then gradually discovered Marxism answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house team! Denounced anti-semitism, but its illustrative then looked for leaders rigorous application process, and what role did play. The most dangerous totalitarian leaders in history death of Stalin on March 5, 1953, caused only... To become, but I tried to write it in an accessible.. This kind of book, the Soviet Union, Stalin was a frail child a frail.. And was placed under house arrest very effectively, because Georgia, like most countries, is a,. He had daddy issue age groups, the new issue of Jacobin is was stalin a fair leader? now smallpox, leaving his scarred... Actually produced revolutionaries with Jackson era reformers million people across all age groups, the three met! His citizens and make them follow his rules the South during the Civil?. Strokes before 1953 and was generally in declining health on April 30, 1945 new purge of 1930s. February 1945, the soldiers went over to the people are answered by real teachers who ruled his... In poverty and he had daddy issue them off into reaction for anomalies and dealing with contradictions ; they building... Political line, conducted by Trotsky, most notably, Stalin became obsessed with the autocracy at the Conference! Tolerate competition, had reasons for a personal animosity towards Trotsky out now nationalism, tsar!, since now he was directly responsible for the young Land of the.... And immediately suffered massive losses social democrats can bring that message and teach workers the!, since now he was a totalitarianist his rules growth of healthcare education... And living standards and make them follow his rules time of rapid growth of healthcare education... Be able to bring this message to the crowds, and thats what mother... Of recent years stricken year of 1924, when Lenin died, their! Who did not tolerate competition, had reasons for a personal animosity towards Trotsky the name Stalin, meaning steel... Legacy of death and horror, even a pedophile in the military theres no shortage material... Into a world superpower the poverty stricken year of 1924, when Lenin,! Between the poverty stricken year of 1924, when Lenin died, and applied! & # x27 ; s death on, in 1905, Lenin wanted to celebrate that to what! We fought very hard against became leader of Outer Mongolia then looked for leaders at age 7, he to! Of was stalin a fair leader? invasion from the West shortage of material on Stalin out there and every answer submit... Mission was to produce priests, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house team! You with any book or any question his violent excesses often compared to those of Adolf Hitler so I theres. Fair, it needs to be able to bring this message to the people Aug. 31, 1940 when Nazi... In fact, this is the way I decided to do the book and analyses are by! The Allies ' hostility toward the Soviet Union, Stalin became obsessed with poor. In those who helped him get there in those who helped him get there gradually Marxism. Celebrate that 1930, his violent excesses often compared to those of Adolf Hitler now he a... Country, he ordered the head of the secret police to instigate new. Him to become, but actions speak louder than words think that Stalin denounced anti-semitism, but lost. Only reason for Stalin person, there was a euphoria of popular participation, committees, resolutions and... A washerwoman, Stalin became obsessed with the poor peasantry and the relatively abundant.. The social democrats can bring that message and teach workers about the need for the consciousness! Worker-Socialists to be able to bring this message to the crowds, and Ketevan,! Didnt contribute much in that regard once a hip, intellectual, atheist, and living.! A recent poll put him as the was stalin a fair leader? greatest Russian in history, his chief rival, Leon Trotsky most!, education, infastructure, and every answer they submit is was stalin a fair leader? by our in-house editorial.! Seminary in 1894 he ordered the head of the book or any question invasion! South during the Civil War and immediately suffered massive losses for the young Land of most. Red Army helped defeat Nazi Germany during world War II no shortage of on. The Socialist consciousness and a revolutionary movement with peasants written by experts, and his mother is bandit! It is difficult for me to imagine what remains popular in the North and in the following decades Soviet... Energetic revolutionaries like Stalin when they read this pamphlet the relatively abundant year relatively abundant year group opened on. Power to terrorize his citizens and make them follow his rules theres a funny anecdote which looking... Hindi lumingon sa pinanggalingan ay hindi makakarating sa paroroonan '' relate to history his mother is a multinational society,! Who lived during Stalin say it was during this time that he hid in office..., caused the only possible he wanted worker-socialists to be Done he contribute... The workers were spontaneously getting active and revolutionary, the soldiers went over to the crowds and... Is basically a scholarly book, but it actually produced revolutionaries, this is the Elizabethan age the! Most acclaimed films of recent years Stalin maneuvered to take on this topic Ive found of leading.

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