what are the 7 warfighting functions

Informational Brief Instructions (NOTE: This is a . And one can use art, I'd argue, to re-imagine one's mission- all the while not straying too far outside of one's constraints. Herein, we must be prepared to deal with the vastly increased and very broad and very deep chaos (exs: rebellions, insurgencies, genocide, famine, increased crime, etc., etc., etc.) Which of the following is the world's largest single trading entity? [xxii] Probably not so much the higher-than-tactical areas: attempting to codify how we communicate (and thus think and operate) about the tacit at operational and strategic levels stifles us into the same problems that codifying the tacit in the human domain creates. Grant-----maybe Ben Z might agree with the following ---I would venture that currently in the Force the use of MDMP in it's standard form does in fact kill critical thinking as one simply goes through the rote of doing the steps not the thinking behind the why one is doing each of the steps. I dont ever remember reading anything where General Lee thought he could defeat and outright destroy the Army of the Potomac so his chosen course of action was one based on influencing the power base, the northern citizenry correct? Interestingly, this makes me wonder how we could have missed such an important aspect of the human domain and the military operations we undertook as a nation. Entire tribes vanished as smallpox, scarlet fever, and influenza decimated the native population of the Americas. To add to those types of missions I would include any military operation in which either the objectives are very unclear and abstract or the operation is structured in such a way as to have a high likelihood of being unbounded in scope and time. Force Protection Intro To Classified Material Intel Community Directives Intro To Intelligence A warfighting function (WFF) is a group of tasks and systems united by a common purpose that commanders use to accomplish missions and training objectives. Students at the SWCS routinely repeat higher's intent- to establish a "legitimate" government in Pineland, for instance, and they never once question the implicit factors that are driving our use of force in the scenario. Yet SOF, following the Armys lead, is attempting to apply the physical domains constructs to this social domain. Reading your comments combined with RantCorp and Carl I believe in many ways you all are saying the same thing but maybe at a different level. It is the activity involved in the change of location of equipment, personnel or stocks as part of a military operation1 to or within a potentially hostile environment. The latter way, while possibly being less expensive, emphasizes small-footprint Special Warfare more than it does Surgical Strike. The rules, laws, events and mechanisms of this underlying reality are at play in all of our observable experiences and events. For example, an integrated fires network would account for all of a commander's fires capabilities across all domains and quickly choose the best shooter for a specific target. Recently US Army Special Operations Command (USASOC) introduced a new publication: the SOF Operational Design Handbook. IE SF was successful along with African Union forces in chasing down M23 but did they anticipate the creation of militant warlords replacing M23? It cannot, however, lead to certainty about future outcomes.. The second is related to the first. 7 Recent . For the purposes of simplification and clarity I will define the human domain, not in terms of its content (the other), but in terms of the missions or environment most closely related to the concept. And, thereby. Again, the enemy, per se, seems to be missing. "I did not want to recall how many negative comments were made by countless officers about how stupid the insurgents were when in fact they are still in the fight and we are long gone from Iraq.". A warfighting function is a group of tasks and systems (people, organizations, information, and processes) united by a common purpose that commanders use to accomplish missions and training objectives. Then, you as an institution began to see that the deep veins were there, all the time, never acknowledged because they never had to be. This requires that we facilitate (1) the unhinging of these states and societies from their current and often age-old way of life and way of governance and (2) the attachment of these countries and populations to ways of life and ways of governance which are more similiar to our own. Learning, or reflection,-in-action, is described (in italics) after its antithesis in the article by a quote from Donald A. Schon: Professionals become- locked into a view of themselves as technical experts, [and they] find nothing in the world of practice to occasion reflection. At the same time, an integrated sustainment network would link . If you think that AQI killed a large number of locals in Iraq try even understanding the current numbers in Mexico---if one thought Iraq did not have a functioning governance Mexico is even worse and they claim they are democratic. Operational art for SOF should touch on the key components of the sublime and not on a methodology for approaching operational design. I hate using this term in the "old days" of SF we had the SORO who published excellent area studies that we inhaled prior to a deployment into those areas---and guess what they were extremely accurate even five years after some of them were published AND by the way CHEAP when compared to the costs of paying six digit incomes for deploying HTS teams in order to gain "human terrain" information. We must introduce at least our SOF soldiers to the concepts of the critical realist[i] philosophy and to the practice of forming multi-paradigmatic views. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) And what I have been saying for years around here, using "South Asia" as one intellectual "foil", is that YOU (meaning the US military and agencies with which it works) are a part of the human domain and you cannot divorce yourselves from any of it. [v] Art in this case refers to military art, but also to innovation and Mission Command as well the concepts of multi-framing, learning-in-action, and the afore-mentioned critical and creative thinking. Likewise, the concept that the Air Force and Navy dont have anything to do with humans borders on the fantastical. Thus, we faced a problem: design pointed to our philosophy as being the problem, but we were wedded to our philosophy. Human aspects of conflict and war, taken together, encompass the totality of the physical, cultural, social, and psychological environments that influence human behavior. The intelligence warfighting function tasks facilitate the commanders visualization and understanding of the threat and other relevant aspects of the operational environment. Table. Furthermore the village you are attempting to save has a culture that has been severely affected by decades of conflict and is somewhat different to how it once was or aspires to be. without the aid of references STATE the seven warfighting functions (yall should study this one hard) Terms in this set (8) Command and Control. The U.S. military has become more professional, more centrally-managed, more technologically-enhanced, and more regimented since the ramp-up for the Cold War saddled the American people with a relatively large professional force. Take the LeT fighters in Bombay. He is a Ph.D. candidate at North Carolina State Universitys Public Administration program with special interest in researching the organizational obstacles within SOCOM and DoD to effective Irregular Warfare. Participatory Observation is the (social anthropological) way, not governance, development, and security, and critical realism is the philosophy, not technical rationality and relying on operational methodologies.". So when the terrorists attacked civilian targets, they were indeed attacking what they saw as legitimate targets, something that we in the West have disagreed with. [xii] See Carl Builders book, Masks of War, Johns Hopkins University Press, FEB, 1989, for a description of why the services act the way they do. The physical domains are composed mostly of those things that are visible, but also those that are detected by our other senses. How does the textbook's discussion of Anglo-American settlers in the Ohio Valley support or challenge each of the historians' arguments regarding British policy? In this paper I make the case that the concept of the human domain is a good one if it gets us to go much deeper than our doctrinal and institutional methodologies normally take us. I am going to steal that. [xxix] This has resulted in the doctrine seeming to contradict itself. If we would have "understood" the Iraqi insurgency we actually would have seen the strategy being used vs only the symptoms ie the battle field tactics. There were some interesting comments posted to Dave Maxwell's article on UW several weeks ago here in SWJ that are worth going back and re-reading. [xiv] In short, the U.S. Army as an institution is convinced that it was not population-centric enough in both Iraq and Afghanistan, and thus influencing the local population has to be a critical lesson, if not THE lesson we should take from our recent forays overseas. Indeed, impressions have not changed much since the age of the Spanish explorers, who, despite 555 intentions of conquest, were also mystified by the cryptic civilizations of Mesoamerica and South America. In the natural world, this underlying mechanism refers to the natural laws that have visible effects -- for example, gravity or aging. b. It accomplishes this by engaging the civil population, threat elements, and domestic and foreign audiences in the information and human dimensions to establish a coherent narrative. These commanders and their staff integrate various processes within headquarters and across the force. For example, even if say an AQ affiliate is killing some of the local population in their attacks on the government why is it they still find resonance/support in portions of the same attacked population---we never did attempt o understand that in Iraq. I would put forward the idea that once a society adopts agriculture, at no time in its history henceforth does it exist without an economic elite and "the rest". At this point I thought it might be easier to influence SOF- and then perhaps CF would take some lessons from us. This next comment sums it up; ~ Wikipedia, This Army Warfighting Function is the process of ensuring Army forces have everything they need to complete their missions. ", Sparapet---more concerning the so called notional scenario--. The American way of war places a premium on the physical aspects of conflict. Integrate all forms of Army, joint and multinational fires. What is the Seventh WfF? It is keeping forces supplied with, Thesustainment warfighting function is the related tasks and systems that provide support and services to ensure freedom of action, extend operational reach, and prolong endurance. Mission command should cascade down the ranks through the NCOs to the formations at large. You make a great, and interesting, point in regards to the human domain and the two factors that you stated are now influencing the human domain. As our operations have shown us, the people we are fighting are often "outsiders" themselves who just happen to be where we are because that's where they can observe and fight us. I also don't see how managing humans, be you occupying them or sharing some skills, is a uniquely UW/SW activity. Grant---my deepest concern is that hidden in the term human domain is in fact a drive for money not a drive to "understand" future events that are building ie Mexico that will cause the US far more pain that AQ has ever done to the US. After the eventual surrender, Cortez burned the city and destroyed the greatest monuments of Aztec culture. 20 What are the 6 Warfighter functions? M2 WFF consists of the sub-functions of (tactical) movement, manoeuvre and mobility (described below). Certainly an insight into the latter three can be gained from understanding the local culture. The when and why comes from the officer charged with employing the infantryman's skills in conjunction with other skill sets to a purpose that he is charged with by the delegation of executive authority to his level by Article 2 of our Constitution). These tasks are; The purpose of the Int WFF is to know what is happening. I first noticed this in Afghanistan where a few of us sat down and attempted to make sense of the disconnect between our official pronouncements and doctrine and the reality of what commanders were doing and saying privately. The alternative, and the militarys current preferred philosophy, is the technically rational approach. I like your example of Lee and the South using his understanding of the "human domain": influence the population to put pressure on the President. If both the people and the leaders of various states and societies in the region had known -- long before Lawrence had arrived and long before he was deployed -- what the end-game objective of Lawrence's masters actually was, then what might have been: This is what we are up against today in the age of globalization and global communications. Both tactical and operational maneuver require logistic support. We saw a huge disconnect- at almost every level- from what one level was aiming for and the levels above and below it. For the . Bill C----then we need to really check the definition of human domain being used by multiple entities in order to explain their particular take in the upcoming foodfight for funds. To illustrate how the MIE multiplier might augment the guerrillas effectiveness lets take a senior Haqqani Network (HN) commander who has designs on attacking a position in or near Khost, Paktia AF. One example may assist in understanding the phenomenon. These tasks are interactive and often occur simultaneously. With that being said, there has been a push to allow our warfighters greater freedoms with these tools because its being argued that we are losing the message and by allowing greater freedom with these tools we are allowing our warfighters to get the positive message out. The centrally-managed personnel system, the system of intellectual communication (doctrine-based), the acquisition and resources system (JCIDS), and the hierarchical nature of the military have combined to produce a largely tail wagging the dog sort of institution. They have become too skillful at techniques of selective inattention, junk categories, and situational control techniques, which they use to preserve constancy of their knowledge-in-practice. Certainly our formidable advantage in hardware and men will readdress this disadvantage considerably but will it boost our prospects a thousand fold? It is this fundamental characteristic that defines land force operations. [xxxviii] This implies activities wholly encompassed by the concept of the human domain. One note on the mission scenario your notional SOF team receives.it is not so much a mission as a policy statement. [xxiv] Just to head off any protests, I realize this dual-natured description is disingenuous, however I am constraining myself to the two choices our society presents us with and their respective approaches. Sustainment provides the support necessary to maintain operations until mission accomplishment. [ii] It is the difference between operating within the physically visible world and the socially non-visible one. The purpose of CIMIC is to coordinate with and support the various non-military elements of the operating environment. Observation/surveillance is the only tool that allows for any UW cell to survive. This is most likely well and good when SOF is engaged in doing the so-called surgical strike missions of which our nation (and our government to a large extent- to include USSOCOM) is enamored with as of late. That we attempt to measure things is but one example of a greater issue: most, if not all, of our constructs remain uncritically accepted on faith by the vast majority of our force. We do not allow you to opt-out of our certain cookies, as they are necessary to ensure the proper functioning of our website . He makes a connection between us being enamored with science and the emptiness of Reality TV, the unfeeling brutality of using drones, the military-industrial complexs support for perpetual war, our societys turning away from liberty in the face of terrorism, unfettered capitalisms destruction of the environment, and a void in the area of foreign policy. This giving them (the enemy) both a head-start and a distinct advantage over our young leaders, who may not be as savvy, knowledgeable or well-informed? This will ensure freedom of action, extend operational reach, and prolong endurance in support of . Even our own COIN doctrine- which implies that that type of activity is counterproductive, cannot rescue us from the technically rational system, of which it is, ultimately, also a part of. E. Pre-Columbian cultures did not use plants for decoration. To this was added a few things arguably unique to SOF campaign planning as well as a very explicit link to the Army Special Operations (ARSOF) 2022 vision. -- as produced by the enemy -- seems to be a step ahead of our own? The goal is that countries and groups who we are aligned with will become stronger and thus able to handle problems on their own without the need for large numbers of U.S. troops, which arguably get in the way of long-term progress anyway. Russian and Saurists posts after 1978 and ISAF and GoIRA over the past 12 years. The sublime for Curtis White is about art. It is unlikely they have ever viewed the target with their M1Es and probably never will. Agree with you that a deeper problem (THE problem?) That we have been unable to incorporate the so-called lessons of the early days of Iraq into our operations in Afghanistan should cause us to seriously question the validity and universality of those lessons. Warfighting Functions: The seven mutually supporting military activities integrated in the conduct of all military operations. The. There are three types of social change or influence according to some: compliance, identification, and internalization (Kelman HC, Compliance, Identification, and Internalization: Three processes of attitude change, Journal of Conflict Resolution, 1958, 51-60.). But, I would assert that, excepting the new bureaucracy of SOF, the traditional and tactical (young NCOs and Captains) culture of SOF more closely relates to Mr. Whites stance (in terms of being against the intellectual orthodoxy) as well as anti-militarism in the way that I think Mr. White describes it: as a vast military-industrial bureaucracy that largely wags the dog of foreign policy in both conscious and unconscious ways. Sparapet---this is not a notional example----it is the core problem with such discussions as this one especially when it goes towards UW/SW. I call this approach the sublime[xxxiv], borrowing the term from Curtis Whites book wherein he implores America to turn away from assuming science holds the answer to everything and instead to be antagonists to the status quo in intellectual orthodoxy [and to be] advocates for change[xxxv], And so we are stuck in an awful position: we want our cake (a 7th WfF) and we want to eat it too. Any armed group of men funded by anyone can do the ally part. When someone asked him a difficult question, Walt _____ because he did not know the answer. We went to war in Iraq for far less reasons---. I must add that many would say that Special Operations is a separate Army Warfighting Function. They might not bring the Geneva and Hague conventions with them, but its hardly "special". The Human domain that is needed ie how does the enemy think, act, function and communicates with the local population is strangely missing from the discussion being pushed by say the ACoS. Finally, how to understand "the oppressed" in terms of our political objective. The Inca Empire shared a fate similar to that of the Aztec, but at the hands of a conquistador more sinister than Cortez. Below is a reading passage followed by several multiple-choice question. The Pushtoon Secessionists fighting the Pak Army across the border in Pakistan are a good fit but a similar approach to Counter UW is IMO a dead loss at best and dangerously ruinous at worst. That's my working theory and I see a lot of current books on this topic so maybe I'm not totally crazy. One says technical rationality (rational decision making, for instance, being one of its recommended tools) is sufficient. In fact, I would go even further and submit that without a fundamental cultural shift within SOF, to include our growing hierarchical structure, we will fail to be any better at human domain activities than we are in Afghanistan today. As all actions (words and deeds) undertaken by the force contribute to the coherent narrative, the IA WFF is used to coordinate the actions of the force to ensure a consistent message is portrayed. It means preserving the force which includes personnel and physical assets of the United States as well as the host nation and any military or civilian allies. I think there needs to be some re-evaluation about these issues. I made a distinction for a few reasons: I am in the SOF community and am hoping to influence the SOF community as we begin an effort to more closely tie in with CF. RantCorp---lack of observation skills by the Force is also another problem-especially from our side--there are a number of basic infantry skill sets that have largely disappeared that no one seems to recognize. "Although the federal and state governments warned that they wouldnt allow the self-defense groups to expand, on Tuesday November 26 the community guards took over four other municipalities, which now totals 54 communities under its influence in the state of Michoacn. That the autodefensas exist and have the capacity to organize armed resistance to TCO's does not mean that they should be helped (timely

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