reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf

reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf SjHw`d"*z;3N&W3k]:}N\t+5 (Nw3hW"T"aDV$V e. Federalism was implemented in Nigeria as way back as 1946 during the British colonial era. Emphasis on indigeneity, the federal revenue allocation formula and the increasing formalization of the 'federal character' principle, to mention only a few issues, increase sources of tensions and potential conflicts. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. Again, in 1967 twelve states were created to appease the interest of those clamoring for states and weaken the geo-political holds of Biafra. First, how to properly place peoples, better still - indigenes and ethnic groupings, in their relevant socio-economic categories; that is, in line with the oil windfalls. Samuel is bent on changing the legal profession by building Web and Mobile Apps that will make legal research a lot easier. Voter Turnout, Voting Behavior and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria By Professor Sakah Saidu Mahmud Kwara State University, Malete 1. Now, because the level of the development of the productive forces was still at a rudimentary stage, the pervasiveness of commodity relations was equally at a low level. Introduction In a statement on the 2015 Nigerian General Elections the Freedom House (2015a) congratulated Nigerians for an election that appears to be one of the smoothest and least violent in Nigeria's Federalism and the United States Constitution - ThoughtCo 4 0 obj The Plural nature of Nigeria. British North American colonies unite 3 Up to 1867, the colonies 4 of British North America had no political or geographical links. PDF Department Of Economics University Of Ilorin | freewebmasterhelp Nigeria is quite a big country with an area of 923,768 km2. Keep it up , Yes , I love it and I was sentitize on those reasons. Reasons for the Adoption of Federalism in Nigeria | LearnAllinfo Be the first to get hottest news from our Editor-in-Chief, Check your email and confirm your subscription. The Legacy of Biafra: An Investigation into trauma as National Identity Fragmentation, Under Reconstruction: Ethnicity, Ethnic Nationalism, and the Future of the Nigerian State, ETHNIC SCHISM IN NIGERIA: A SOCIO-LITERAY STUDY OF CHINUA ACHEBE'S THERE WAS COUNTRY. Federalism is a type of government in which the sovereign authority of political power is usually divided between two units. @VF:8=|@5&/1df gbjtCoy(L5A,JCI1/'5DT8`A!UY*&wTN5[v;KXvH* 5:>}W^Bp_ ;R!&L %s\q'(], a system of state organization, to bring a workable polity with a just moral order is the reason why states adopt or should adopt federalism. %PDF-1.5 document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Reasons for the Adoption of Federalism in Nigeria. 4 Topics . In 1939 sir Bernard Bourdillion made a serious constitutional proposal which concluded having regional councils with a central council in Lagos. If the desire to remain separate does not exist, the the association will not be federal but unitary with some delegation of powers to local government. PDF Federalism and Democracy: Beyond the U.S. Model - UNPA Reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria - Legit.ng All these strengthen political bonds and gave Rice to unity in diversity. Unity of the country: 3.3 3. Reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria include: 1. To begin with, the title of this book, " Last Train to Biafra " is allegorically evocative of the severing of, or rather the dead relationship between Nigeria and Biafra. This helped to solve the problem of marginalization in the leadership. Reasons For The Adoption Of Federalism In Nigeria. The states too have no resources for development but depended on federal grants. Since Nigeria is a heterogeneous nation and Federalism is more practicable in such kind of nation, it is an ideal system of government. Federalism as said earlier decentralizes power. In the case of Nigeria - how the oil money will be (in)judiciously dealt with. Best information base for latest information both national and international. You are already subscribed to our newsletter! To learn more, view ourPrivacy Policy. Prior to independence, it is believed that the British adopted federalism because it favored their interest. Bashar Abubakar Bukkuyum This is good 'nd thank you Blogger. Download Defensive Federalism [PDF] Format for Free - Clemson Parade (8 Best Paying Jobs), General consensus among our leaders when seeking independence from Britain. From the onset, Nigeria, like most of her federating peers, has faced one major challenge in the course of her political voyage - the crisis of who is who. Ordinarily and without much logicality, by who is who, one means the problematic and destructive component of identity. Fiscal Federalism and Democratic Governance in Nigeria - I. O. Taiwo 2004 2012, Issues and Trends in Nigeria's Development. Evidently, Nigerias political culture was federalism friendly and that gave rise to easy adoption of federalism. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 7714 www.ijhssi.org Volume 2 Issue 8 August. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Just very few words have evoked much more controversy in the discus of politics than the word, federalism. Identities can be in terms of ethnicity, culture, religion and other differences," she says. Federalism was favoured among other systems of government in a bid to averting both fancied and real fear of domination among the minorities. Academia.edu uses cookies to personalize content, tailor ads and improve the user experience. In recent times, specifically in post 2015 general election, there have been new waves of agitations for the Biafra republic by both Movement for Actualization of Sovereign State of Biafra and Indigenous People of Biafra on one hand and for Niger Delta republic by Niger Delta Avengers on the other, added to terrorism and militancy that are already threatening Nigeria fragile state. 3. On the other hand; a constitution is unitary when there are created by the law made by the central legislature and their existence depends upon the government to control, supervision of the central government. Common national, racial, religious, cultural linguistic or social ties have often contributed to the unification of political unit. reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf. However, the practice of fiscal federalism in Nigeria is a negation of true federalism. We can offhandedly list all of the reasons for the adoption of federal system in Nigeria. Resource control: 3.7 7. He rejects the assertion that The unity here is brought about by the desire of the component units of the federation to form union in respect of some matters. Therefore, striking an acceptable delicate balance between these two divides, has, time and again, become a well known problematic world over. politicization of ethnicity or the ethnicization of the politics of state creation that Nigeria has witnessed in recent years. >> $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ? As at the time of independence, the population of Nigeria was estimated at 45.21 million. Everybody would likely agree that the conscious awareness and awakening of the course of who is who invariably determines who gets what, perhaps when and how. Federalism Complicates the Response to the COVID-19 Health and Economic As I have already explained, Nigeria is an amalgamation of three different regions with beliefs and customs. Minority Issues and the Creation of State | Week 10. Required fields are marked *. Also, the adoption of the Littleton constitution of 1954 laid further credence to . >> /Resources << More so, the colonial masters with the Richards Constitution in 1947 launched Nigeria onto the path of the present federal system of government via the regionalization of the country. In examining post-independence constitution-making in Nigeria, this chapter finds that military rule blighted Nigerias capacity to respond appropriately to the challenges of federalism. This paper is a critical exploration of the current challenges bedeviling the Nigerian state, capable of heating up the polity and disintegrating the Nigerian project. This has led to a deep sense of alienation and politics of ethnic identity. Nigeria as a nation has succeeded in commanding influence among member states by the virtue of its size. June 1,2022 The powers that exist between the federal and state government also depends on the constitution. This feature of federalism is widely believed to be a veritable framework for even and need-sensitive development. In my view, federalism is a good system for Nigeria. More importantly, certain heavy but blurred (or fluid) terminologies that define or designate Nigerias federal principle, which are highly pertinent to coexistence, have yet compounded the theoretical and practical significance of federalism in Nigeria. This prototype edition of the daily Federal Register on FederalRegister.gov will remain an unofficial informational resource until the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register (ACFR) issues a regulation granting it official legal status. Biafrans who are geographically in the South and SouthEast of Ni-geria feel and believe that their economic and developmental prowess are not well represented in the Nigerian state, and this lack of representation leads to marginalization. To make mortgage industry standards more flexible and modernized, the proposed rule would remove the requirement that lenders and mortgagees register with HUD each branch office . Federal System of Government/Federalism | Week 8. 6 0 obj The proximity of the tongues and tribes in Nigeria made it possible for the adoption of federalism in the country. << Also, there was a demand for more local regions by all these ethnic interest groups which was what led to the creation of new states. One of the major reasons why countries choose federalism is because of size. It established that the resources of a particular state is not totally owned by the federal government. Since a strong bond links the process through which constitutions are produced and their degree of acceptance and effectiveness, questions over the Constitutions legitimacy prompted parliament to amend it in 2010. /Width 371 endobj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /F7 24 0 R In a Unitary system, the minority states cannot govern the entire region which is controlled by majority. There are other political systems the country could have adopted but because of some reasons which I am going to share with you today, federalism seemed to be the best idea. Federalism also in this manner, preserves cultures of the minorities from being drowned in the ocean of the cultures of the majorities. It forays into the inherent issues underlying the Biafran movement and the ways in which those issues, as well as Biafran agitation, are inimical to Nigeria's development. This was many times more the population of most African countries then. It discovered a positive relationship between the changes in the fiscal structure and the aggravation of ethnic minorities' struggles. Book excerpt: Defensive Federalism presents an original contribution to the field of federalism and multinational democracies, exploring the concept of defensive federalism as a protection of self- government against the "tyranny of the majority". Federalism was the only solution to ensure peace and unity amongst the leaders and the citizens and that was why federalism was adopted into the Nigerian political system. The possible reasons for the practice of federalism in Nigeria are several, and have, for instance, been presented as British imposition targeted at a post-colonial relationship, or as a. This was a period when long efforts were made to identify the legal relationships between the Leagues and the City States (Mogi, 1931:21). As a result of this, it has brought about the cry of the minorities clamoring for their own state. PDF Nigerian Federalism: Issues, Challenges and Prospects REASONS FOR LOW TRADE Historical reasons - India adopted socialist model of economy and policy of import substitution and protectionism till 1990s and civil wars and domestic instability in other countries Poor Connectivity- Due to difficult terrain on borders, poor development of inland waterways, poor border infrastructure like border huts . There are three major tribes in Nigeria namely Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba. It will schock you to know Nigerias adoption of federalism was also in the interest of the leaders. Northern Cameroons should remain with Northern Nigeria but Southern Cameroon should be granted autonomy with a legislature of its own. READ ALSO: Reasons for political apathy in Nigeria, Get the hottest stories from the largest news site in Nigeria. So for effective governance of a country of this big size, federalism has to be adopted. In 1963 Midwestern region was created and Nigeria became a nation of four regions. The Journal of Pan African Studies, vol.8, no.2, . Nigeria did not choose federal system of government because it is the best or most practiced system of government in the world. It was believed that federal system of government would take care of the interest of the minority and human rights that had been the fear of the minority under colonial rule. Promoters of the idea were of the view that the RESTRUCTURE OR DISINTEGRATE, OFFICIAL CORRUPTION AND THE DILEMA OF INSTABILITY IN NIGERIA, The Rationale for AfSol in Peace and Security: The Global, National and Regional Precipitants, Agitation for Restructuring and Resource Control in Nigeria's Federalism: Issues, Perspectives and the Way Forward, Giving Peace a Chance in Nigeria: The Case for a Preventive Diplomacy, Framing of Neo-Biafra Agitations in Selected Nigerian Newspapers, CRISES OF FEDERALISM IN NIGERIA AND THE FUTURE OF THE MIDDLE BELT REGION, Social Media and Hate Speech: Analysis of Comments on Biafra Agitations, Nigeria. (Pdf) Fiscal Federalism and Local Government Financial Autonomy in Historical experience 3.2 2. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. 7 Functions of Nigerian Federalism - Information Guide in Nigeria Wheare who contends that it is a system where powers are shared between central and regional governments so that each is in a sphere cordinate and independent. This notwithstanding, the concept of federalism boasts of a very popular definition by an American scholar, K.C. % *$( %2%(,-/0/#484.7*./. C Reasons for a state to adopt a federal system include the need to reflect linguistic, economic and cultural differences of a population, especially one that is concentrated geographically. Here, the Attorney General of the Federation Instituted the case to test the true position so that the federal government would be guided on the varying issues of derivation formula. In many countries of the world, federalism has emerged as a means of accommodating the growing desire of people to preserve or revive the intimacy of small societies and the growing necessity for larger combinations to mobilize the utilization of common resources. Federalism is a method of segregating powers so that the central and local governments are each within a domain, harmonizing and autonomous. The political parties involved in the first republic were more formed on a regional basis. The first military head of state, General J.T.U Aguiyi Ironsi for instance was interested in a unitary Nigeria and he scrapped federalism. The construct of federalism, which originates with the concept of intergovernmental relations, dates back to the Greek civilization. Ethnic, Religious and Geographical Factor 3.5 5. examines the question on why federalism has not succeeded in managing and accommodating diversity in Nigeria. 3 Reasons for federal system of government in Nigeria 3.1 1. Also see: Differences between 1960 and 1963 constitution of Nigeria, reasons for federal system of government in nigeria. Over the years, it is quite obvious that Nigeria is one of the few countries that adopted federal system of Government in Africa, a system that envisages autonomy for every sect of its authorities (federal, state and local government respectively). PDF Fiscal Federalism, Resource Control, and Restructuring in Nigeria: the Economic factors in adoption of federalism in Nigeria are not unconnected with the issues of resource control, wealth generation and redistribution, and income distribution. There is no doubt that geographical factored are one of the influential reasons for federalism in Nigeria. The analysis of the emerging issues and scenarios as well as the response options aims at supporting the efforts of different stakeholders including the Federal government on managing the current pro-Biafra agitation. The paper contends that unitary federalism in Nigeria is an imposition and extension of colonial and military entrenched inequalities in the Nigerian state. Another cogent reason for federalism in Nigeria is the fear of marginalization. welcome, and thanks for reading us. The federal government however has occupied a very strong position vis--vis the State and Local government since the 1970's in Nigeria. The disadvantages are that it can set off a race to the bottom among states, cause cross-state economic and social disparities, and obstruct federal efforts . Abstract One of the arguments for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria is the desire for economic and political viability and development in a nation of uneven distribution of human and. Naturally, federal system of government has some distinctive features namely: 1. The constitution emphasized areas of authority between the central government and the regions. This duplicity of government is not alien to a federal structure as identified, except that in the Nigerian case, there is ineffable strife for dominance. Revenue Allocation and Economic Development in Nigeria: An Empirical On the contrary it has also been suggested that is created more diversity and conflict for the nation to grapple with. ICT services have help in the improvement of the markets, reduction in transaction costs and increase . /Subtype /Image Nigeria are typically inclined to the derivation principle, which is the process of distributing centrally generated revenue to constituent units with regards to the contribution made by a group to the country's more 12substantial income. Parliamentary and Unitary system of government were in operation in Nigeria between 1914 and 1946. Further Philosophical Issues 4.1 Sovereignty or federalism 4.2 Issues of Constitutional and Institutional Design 4.3 Sources of Stability 4.4 Division of Power 4.5 Distributive Justice Do you want to know the basis and the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria?

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